Proposed Poultry Feed Mill Processing Factory
Abstract
The project envisages the establishment of a plant for the production of poultry feed with a capacity of 2500 tons per annum. Poultry feed it’s a balanced feed which aids proper development of chicks and pullet. Poultry feed mill processing factory provided opportunity of employment to the unemployed people of the proposed area. The state requirement of poultry feed is met through local production. The principal raw materials required are maize, rice polish, rice bran, groundnut cake, soya beans, fish meal, vitamin and salt. All the raw materials are locally available except vitamin which is to be imported. The project will create backward linkage with the agricultural and Agro-processing Sectors and forward linkage with poultry sector and also generated income for the government term of tax revenue and pay-roll tax. This enable the growth poultry industry to utilize the weed of the economic development of the area and the state.
Table of Content
Chapter One
1.0 Introduction
1.1.0 Aim and Objective
1.1.1 Objective
1.1.2 Project Scope and Limitation
1.1.3 Justification
1.1.4 Research Methodology
Chapter Two
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Manufacturing Procedure
2.1.0 Production Process
2.2 Environmental Impacts
2.2.0 History
2.2.2 The Nigerian Poultry Industry
2.2.3 Nutritional Value and Health Benefit
2.2.4 Environmental Control
Chapter Three
3.1 Case Study One
3.1.0 Name ECOWAS Farms
1.1.1 Case Study Two
1.1.2 Name: Grand Cereal
1.1.3 Case Study Three
1.1.4 Name
Chapter Four
4.0 Project Site Location and Data Analysis Design Brief
4.1.0 Accessibility
4.1.1 Site Orientation
4.1.2 Ventilation / Lighting
4.1.3 Zoning Analysis
4.1.4 Proposed Design
4.1.5 Climatic Condition
4.1.6 Temperature
4.1.7 Humidity
4.1.8 Relative Humidity
Chapter Five
5.0 Project Concept and Design Planning
Design Concept and Construction
5.1.0 Design Concept
5.1.1 Space Requirement
5.1.2 Production Units
5.1.3 Administrative Units
5.1.4 Auxiliary Units
5.1.5 Packing Space
5.1.6 Material And Construction
5.1.7 Climatic Element
5.1.8 Roofing Materials
5.1.9 Floors
5.1.10 Site Clearance
5.2.0 Foundation
5.2.1 Plumbing System
5.2.2 Wall
5.2.3 Doors
5.2.4 Construction and Services
5.2.5 Mechanical System
5.2.6 Design Service
5.2.7 Lighting and Ventilation
5.2.8 Fire Protection
Reference
Chapter One
Introduction
1.0 Background Of Study
The proposed poultry feed mill processing factory is to be sited at autabalefi in karu local government area of Nasarawa State.
This project will enhance the use of local indigenous available raw materials in Nasarawa state and its environment, thus boosting the working ability of farmer and providing employed people and also generating revenues for local communities. Poultry feed mill are mixture of various ingredients such as maize, rice bran, grandaunt cakes molasses, soya beans cake, fish meals, corn etc. the composition of poultry feed can be varied depending on the availability of various raw materials such as carbohydrate, protein, vitamins and minerals.
Balanced feed it very essential for proper growth of divides and pullets and hence use for feeding others domesticated birds such as chickens, turkey, ducks, geese etc at which also increase the output of broiler/eggs. Feed for poultry mostly consist of grain, a portion of commercial feed, typical around quarter, is known as bulk and it indigestible. The amount of bulk is referred to as bulk density.
The quantity of feed and the nutritional requirements of the feed depend on the weight and the age of the poultry as well as the season. Healthy poultry required a sufficient amount of protein and carbon-hydrate along with the necessary vitamins, dietary minerals and an adequate supply of water certain diets also required the use of grit, tiny rocks as process of granite in the feed. Grit aids in digestion by grinding ford as it passes through the gizzard. Grit is not needed if commercial feed is used. The poultry feed must remain clean and dry; contaminated feed can infect poultry. Damp feed en-courage fungal growth disease can be avoided with proper maintenance of the feed and feeders. The use of poultry feed can be supplemented with food find through foraging in industrial agricultural. Machinery is used to automate the feeding process, reducing the cost and increasing the scale of farming for commercial poultry farming. Feed serve as the largest cost of operation in agriculture. The development of poultry farms is receiving an increasing attention considering the nutritional requirement of the population.
This project is intended to bring development employment opportunity to the state and city at large.
1.1 Motivation
Due to the Increase population of poultry farms in Nasarawa state and it environ, This encourage an introduction of poultry factory to the indigenous of the Area providing opportunities to the farmers in either to ease their demands from other poultry industry at which the Nasarawa state as an agricultural state has sustainable raw material that can serve purpose for the production of the feed mil processing.
1.2 Aim And Objective
The project is aimed at designing a functionally standard and effective poultry feed production factory that will ensure optimum product delivery with minimum flow conflict.
Objective
To ensure effective functional layout of unit of the factory
Ensure contempt smooth flow of production live from raw materials delivery to finished product storage.
Adopted a flexible design concept that will also for future expansion.
1.3 Project Scope And Limitation
With the increase demand for poultry farms products for domestic consumption as well expert, the farmer realized maintaining of quality poultry with proper feeding and management. The proportion of crossbred bird increase over the balanced concentrated feed.
The products manufacturing process will base on different qualities and forms (mash/pellets/crumble) to the farmer. The proposed poultry feed mill processing factory design is divided in to three main section.
Production unit
Administrative and Medical unit
Auxiliary Unit include:
Laboratory
Stores
Cloak room
Convenience or rest room
Loading bay
Control room
1.4 Justification
The project is to have fact finding of poultry feed mill factory for growth and development investment into a very new source for the benefit of poultry famers considering the low level of feed production manufactory in the state which requires thriving a successful and modern poultry feed mill industry by using local availability raw material. This will justify the need to encouraging the farmers to produce more of the availability of raw materials to the enhancement of the economic development of the area and the state as well as the country.
1.5 Research Methodology
The literature review of architectural text, agricultural text, academic written material by professional and resource person.
Collection of technological and scientific data.
Interview with persons that are oriented on poultry feed mill industry.
Chapter Five
5.0 Project Concept and Design Planning
Design Concept And Construction
Architectural is more than sound building. It must need all the design determinant function requirement environmental conditions, technical and economic limitation and visual aspiration.
The basic philosophy behind this proposal is that of functional, functionalism strongly believes that the function of the building must determine its design. According to James Fitch. Every field of design today (Architecture industrial Graphic, landscape and urban) operates on the Common basic premise of functionalism i.e. that the object designated must flow from an objective analysis of it function.
Hence, this design is trying to express architecturally a desire to promote a functioning design with geometries simplicity and spaciousness which tees to emphasize smooth surface and regular outline. However, this project would also employ organic design philosophy and grinding principles to achieve the visual and psychological contact with nature to provide appropriate condition for the propose poultry feed processing factory such effort include the use of wood planting of trees and shrubs (forest nature) and provision and outdoor sitting for free working hours relaxation. The philosophy is in line with that of Frank Lioyd Wright who states that let us build house that restore to man the lift giving life. Enhancing element of nature “this and architecture that begins with the nature of the site which means taken the first step towards assuring the worthy architecture for in the fitness of the house on the land we sense fitness we call beauty.
5.1.0 Design Concept
The conceptual development in this proposal is an actualization of the functionality of the design. That is realization the proposal is based on analogical approach. The design concept is carefully analysed to prevent the various properties of the factory using the packaging the feed, which the geometric shape is square and rectangle.
The function relationship of this component in each was established using the rectangular and square shape of the packaging. Each packaging is representing a unit and the level of relationship with each other a functional diagram was constructed from the packaging.
The procedure is carried for all the tree units that were provided in the proposed poultry feed processing factory.
5.1.1 Space Requirement
The design poultry feed processing factory involves the grouping of related function after careful analysis.
There methods units involved which are as follows:
Production Units
Administrative Units
Auxiliary Units
The grouping came after final analysis based on the analogical design approach on anthropometric knowledge.
The following are carefully worked space in the three Units
5.1.2 Production Units
Unit Length (m) Breath (m) Num. Req Area (m2)
Factory hall 36.00m 20.0m 1 721.00m2
Finish Product 12.0m 12.0m 1 154.0m2
Packaging store 12.0m 8.0m 1 96.0m2
Tools room 4.0m 4.0m 1 17.0m2
Maintenance 4.0m 4.0m 1 17.0m2
First aid 4.0m 4.0m 1 17.0m2
Uploading bay 5.0m 5.0m 1 26.0m2
Fire spy/service off 8.0m 4.0m 1 33.0m2
Silos unit 24.0m 20.0m 1 481.0m2
Clerk office 3.0m 4.0m 1 13.0m2
Production mg off 4.0m 4.0m 1 17.0m2
Quality control unit 5.0m 4.0m 1 21.0m2
Changing room 4.0m 4.0m 1 18.0m2
Toilets 2.0m 3.8m 1 10.6m2
Clock room 4.0m 4.0m 2 17.0m2
Maintenance office 4.0m 4.0m 3 17.0m2
Production office 4.0m 4.0m 1 17.0m2
Check room 4.0m 4.0m 1 17.0m2
Ware house 24.0m 20.m 1 401.0m2
Security 2.0m 2.4m 1 m2
20%Circulation
m2
5.1.3 Administrative Units
Unit Length (m) Breath (m) Num. Req Area (m2)
Manager D. office 6.0m 5.0m 1 31.0m2
Sectary office 3.0m 5.0m 1 16.0m2
Reception 8.0m 5.0m 1 41.0m2
Personal mg office 4.om 5.0m 1 21.0m2
Cashier office 4.om 5.0m 1 21.0m2
General store 4.om 5.0m 1 21.0m2
Accountant office 4.0m 4.0m 1 17.0m2
Marketing mg office 4.0m 4.0m 1 17.0m2
Toilet 1.2m 2.0m 1 8.4m2
Sale officer office 4.0m 5.0m 6 21.0m2
Conference room 8.0m 4.0m 1 33.0m2
Computer control RM 4.0m 5.0m 1 21.0m2
Security 1.8m 1.2m 1 1216.m2
Cleaners 4.0m 4.0m 1 17.0m2
m2
5.1.4 Auxiliary Units
Unit Length (m) Breath (m) Num. Req Area (m2)
Check point 4.0m 4.0m 1 17.0m2
Cloak room 3.0m 4.0m 2 14.0m2
Store 4.0m 2.0m 1 9.0m2
Pantry 3.0m 4.0m 1 13.0m2
Kitchen 5.0m 4.0m 1 21.0m2
Servery 2.0m 4.0m 1 9.0m2
Eatery 9.0m 12.0m 1 109.m2
Injection 4.0m 4.0m 1 17.0m2
Waiting area 3.0m 4.om 1 13.0m2
Sit-out 1.5m 2.8m 1 4.3m2
Water closet 1.2m 2.0m 2 2.6m2
m2
5.1.5 Packing Space
Unit Length (m) Breath (m) Num. Req Area (m2)
Truck 6.0m 150m 8 98.0m2
Staff cars 3.0m 5.0m 28 43.0m2
Visitor car 3.0m 5.0m 10 25.0m2
Fire engine 3.0m 3.0m 1 10.0m2
Bicycle parking 6m 15.0m 21 111.0m2
Motor cycle 75m 25m 21 1896.0m2
Security 2.1m 1.2m 1 2.52m2
m2
5.1.6 Material and Construction
The choice of material to be used in the construction of the proposed feed processing factory as carefully made with their maintenance potential fully considered in line with durability, functionality, fire résistance and aesthetic quality or quantities. In this factory design before a suitable structure solution was achieved, the following factors were considered.
The size of the machine, which determine the span of the factory and the production process.
The head room (roof height) for machine clearance.
The amount of vibration cause by the machines would require to vibration absorption materials and special linged joint to prevent vibration from the machine to the building.
The load to be carried by the structure. It must be able to withstand, climatic condition. The function of the roof id to cover the interior and shelter it.
5.1.7 Climatic Element
Its form is determined by geometry and materials of its structure and the way it spans across space and rest on structure Colum.
However, there forms of industrial structures, the choice of which depends on the types the factory. For proposal shell of structure is used for the factory and Auxiliary unit and pitch portal roof and a garble pitched roofing for the administrative bock. The foundation, a part from being determine by the amount of load anticipated and the nature of is also design to support weight machine, raw materials and finished products, materials handling equipment and conveyor belt.
The problem of vibration being transfer from the machine to the entire propped building is solved by the provision of rocker –him joint provided the base of each section sanction reinforced of composite steel concrete floor.
The rocker-hedged joints allow the columns vibration with the allowable space provided for his purpose with in touching the walls of the main building. Just position of materials and component most especially the use of some building in proximity to each other often lead to weathering effective with consequent maintenance expenditure.
Reinforcement for concrete in this design in steel because the two materials have an almost identical expansion and concrete, though strong tension. A combination of these two therefore produce and ideal materials for construction.
The number size and replacement reinforcement bars in the varied point of construction are strictly to the structural engineers detail and specifications. However any reinforcement that protects above concrete should be carelessly handle for at least seven days less the bond be impaired. Laminated glass with specially treated or pigmented plastic sandwiched between the glass receive a sharp and break the adhesive that holds the from sheltering and flying about and these keeps it within the frame.
This is employed most especially in the windows of the project to reduce accident from glass out during accidental breakage.
5.1.8 Roofing Materials
Roofing materials is span aluminum sheet with considerable gable or parched reinforced concrete portal frame. The shell roofing system to use for the production and workshop with solar control double-glazing for roof lighting.
The glazing system is characterized by a high light transmitted and energy maintenance, which is as low as possible. This is achieved by a very thin layer of precious metal deposited on the protected inside layer of the spa.
5.1.9 Floors
Floors are the structural part of horizontal supporting element as destruct from the wearing surface.
Floors in the context of this project include ground and uppers.
Solid Ground Floor:
This is otherwise called “German floor in Nigeria, it consists of concrete not use that 150mm thick kid on a hardcore of at least 300mm thick compacted in layer of 50-75mm. the damp proof membrane should place below the over site concrete which compacted before cement and sand (1:3) screed finally laid on it to a thickness than 19mm. this solid ground floor is proposed for the administrative block which the production hall comprised supper flour of concrete floor slab with expansion joints of metal lath wire to stirrup and covered with vernacular gypsums and a beam which run through the balcony of the first floor supported by mild steel supported by flange chips.
5.1.10 Site Clearance
Before any construction work begins on site, the site has to be cleared. Site clearance involves a number of operations which include, noting existing trees that will affect construction, demolishing unwanted features on site, clearing the ground, setting out the site, locating the building line and so on. All these well as other necessary operation will be carried out on site before construction begins.
5.2.0 Foundation
Foundation of building shall safely sustain and transmit load to the ground, the combined decide and imposed loads so as not to cause any settlement or other movement in any part of the building or work.
Construction of foundation in this proposal shall for the sanction base of reinforced for concrete with mild steel for a composite floor, which will be stripping to cover the floor area of the factory.
5.2.1 Plumbing System
In planning the number of fixture such as water closet, unary and lavatories must bear a relationship to be number of workers, male and female. The floors of the toilet room are kept clear of future pedestrian of legs. This ease for the main entrance to keep floor and base clean.
Storm drainage system for the roof and pared walkways on the site are design with respect to the nature topography of the site. Main holds are stream are provided at regular materials for maintenance purpose. The drainage water from the supply of portable water will be connected to water treatment plant and bore hole with the factory.
5.2.2 Wall
The generally defines the outside and inside space of a building structure.
Its primary function is to enclose or divided support to different kinds of loads. (live dead loads wind loads). The walls are constructed of walls. Sand Crete block of 450mm 225mm which are rendered and painted on the interiors faces and rough cost in tyrolean external finishing and these cover the coordinate unit of the factory.
However, touches walls is proposed for the covering of the other parts of the factory reason for expansion because it can easily to removed it comprise of colum which a connection will be used to fix touched wall cuddling with a light building parts, wood wool board and sound insulation.
5.2.3 Doors
The main purpose of a door is to access into and out of a building and between the various components within the building in speechified the types of doors. The number of people expected to pass through are considered along with the control desirable. Glaze door with aluminum frame are provided in the reception, restraint and they are revolving door with panel doors. The kitchen door and working are specified with doors that have high fire rating other offices, others for the project are pivoting doors eccentrically mounted. The load bay and unloading bay are made of roller shutter doors aluminum.
5.2.4 Construction and Services
We must aim at fixing of standard in order to face the problem of perfection. Construction and services specification is very preliminary step taking towards this design proposal is to aid the construction and details analysis.
5.2.5 Mechanical System
Mechanical systems in the Centre are to be alternating cement from power holding Nigeria with station generating plant. The mechanical technical section shall see the function of air condition system, cooling system, mechanical extraction and heating system in the kitchen and production area.
Constant partial causes are recommended for the personal staff in the relation field as specialization in other to keep in trend with the ever development of field.
5.2.6 Design Service
Acustic:
The amount of noise generating in the factory depends on it production process and this varies from factory to factory. The working machinery, tools and operation involved in the production process, courses the most common service of noise in industries. This noise have to be controlled form the source the first stage of which this problem can be solved is by classification of the noises they can be classified in four main groups depending on the noise sources.
Impact Noise:
This occurs when a machines vibrates at a frequency above the lower available limits, which then causes the moving surface to radiate noise.
Frictional Noise:
When two surfaces of metal or other surface materials come in contact, the amount of noise generated depends on the nature of the two surface and force involved. The major types of noise in the design are impact reciprocating.
Arc Turbulence:
This is generated due to the rapid variation in air pressure caused by turbulence form high velocity and stone.
5.2.7 Lighting and Ventilation
The lighting system employed in factory varies according to the nature requirement of the production. Some production process requires special lighting. Filling must be fixed at specific positions to meet the requirement where natural lightning is adequate.
Natural ventilation is not always adequate for factory due to length and width of the factory and the nature of the production process mechanical mean of ventilation in introduced to aid natural ventilation.
5.2.8 Fire Protection
Fire protection in factory is one of the most important factors in a factory design. The rate of occurrence of fire depended on the nature of production. Protection can be incorporated in the design stage by using fire resistance materials and cladding systems. Service like smoke and water sprinkler should be provided, reduction of five.
1 hazard is contained under the following recommendations.
Maximum head height
Accessibility of site
Compact magnetization
Stair case and fire resistance door
Protection of adjacent buildings
Boiler, burner and fuel storage facilities.
The steel framed structures, coating protects the columns with thin layer of concrete or by spraying fire resistance fire escape route are provided, escape does are large enough to prevent stamped visible warming system.
